Graduation Semester and Year

Spring 2025

Language

English

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Nursing Practice

Department

Nursing

First Advisor

Sharon Blackerby

Abstract

Background: Needle fear and stress are common barriers preventing adults from seeking necessary medical treatments, including intramuscular (IM) injection therapy. Research highlights the need for evidence-based interventions to mitigate this fear and improve patient experience.

Objective: This evidence-based pilot project included a Zen Bundle—an intervention incorporating shared decision-making, aromatherapy, and distraction—to evaluate the impact on stress reduction and patient satisfaction in a retail vitamin shop in North Texas.

Methods: The project utilized a pre-and post-intervention design over eight weeks. Participants completed pre-surveys assessing stress levels using a Visual Analog Scale before choosing an intervention (aromatherapy, distraction, or both) during IM therapy. Post-intervention surveys measured stress reduction and patient satisfaction using a 5-point Likert scale. A paired-sample t-test analyzed changes in stress levels, and ANOVA assessed satisfaction differences.

Results: Of the 31 approached, 96.8% (n = 30) agreed to participate. A significant reduction in stress was observed from pre- to post-intervention (M = 2.567, SD = 1.870), t(29)=7.519, p < .001, with a large effect size (d = 1.373). Additionally, 96.7% of participants reported being "very satisfied" with their experience.

Conclusion: The Zen Bundle demonstrated significant stress reduction and high satisfaction among participants, supporting its feasibility as a patient-centered intervention. Future recommendations included expansion to additional locations and further review into long-term effects and broader healthcare applications. Integrating holistic stress-reduction strategies may improve patient engagement and healthcare experiences across diverse settings.

Keywords

Needle fear or phobia, Complementary alternative therapies, Stress, Anxiety, Intravenous therapy, Invasive procedures, Lavender, Essential oils, Aromatherapy, Distraction methods, Shared decision-making

Disciplines

Alternative and Complementary Medicine | Community Health and Preventive Medicine | Other Nursing | Pain Management | Psychological Phenomena and Processes | Public Health and Community Nursing | Public Health Education and Promotion

License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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