Graduation Semester and Year

Spring 2025

Language

English

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy in Earth and Environmental Science

Department

Earth and Environmental Sciences

First Advisor

Arne Winguth

Abstract

ABSTRACT

IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON

NORTH CENTRAL TEXAS

Diana Kay Thomas Hansen, Ph.D.

The University of Texas at Arlington, 2025

Supervising Professor: Arne M.E. Winguth

The North Central Texas region is a rapidly expanding metropolitan area. One of the largest climate hazards that will affect human health in this region are extended heat waves and heavy precipitation. This study will examine how these hazards will change in response to climate change and the impact to human health due to weather extremes in a changing climate.

Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (Phase 6) simulations were used to evaluate future projected temperature and precipitation. Temperature change will create more heat waves in the study area. To determine the extent of this impact, climate model output was used to determine the number of excessive heat (≥37.8°C) days each year for the decades of 2041-2050 and 2091-2100 relative to 1991-2000. The excessive heat season as defined by onset and termination of excessive heat days increases in both length and intensity during the century. Additional factors influencing the initiation of heat waves are soil moisture, precipitation and evaporation, and sensible and latent heat flux.

Precipitation increases throughout the 21st century. Three threshold methods were employed to determine extreme precipitation events including the averaging of the 1/3 highest precipitation events, the number of days with precipitation ≥ 7 mm/day events particularly during Spring, and precipitation intensity anomalies. The latter were negative during all seasons except Spring at mid-century. During the last decade of the 21st century summer is the only season with positive intensity anomalies. There is evidence that compound events, high temperature followed by a precipitation event, are occurring in all time periods, with the most events occurring during 2041-2050. The temperature during the last decade may be too excessive thus resulting in high evapotranspiration and thus low precipitation.

In North Central Texas excessive heat (≥37.8 °C) will have the largest impact on human health. Heating / Cooling Degree Days will decrease / increase, creating an overall increase in the energy required to keep structures comfortable (65 °F). The Heat Index, as determined by the National Weather Service, will increase throughout the century creating dangerous levels of heat, especially for the portion of the population that works outside or those persons with chronic health conditions. North Central Texas has seen an increase in vector-borne diseases such as West Nile Virus carried by mosquitos. The number of days of mosquito activity will change in the future due to changes in temperature and humidity. Based on temperature, precipitation (including SPI), evaporation, soil moisture, sensible and latent heat flux, moderate drought is projected during the last part of the century. However, short-term drought prediction remains challenging.

Keywords

Heat waves, Extreme precipitation, Energy demand, Active mosquito days, Heat index, Drought, North Central Texas

Disciplines

Other Earth Sciences

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.